. Generally no because premium would tend to be made higher energy content stuff which is directionally more emissions, so in US we have reformulated gasoline premium which is cleaner burning mandated in 30% of US. However all bets are off as you may have what we say is inadequate detergent additives in your other grade so the super could be cleaning you out...but most likely what you see is unrelated to fuel.
Ah yes, the mythology persists. I invite you to look up the impartial research on this subject and please disregard all the marketing claims, either stated or implied.