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How to improve the heat dissipation of high-voltage batteries

Discussion in 'Gen 3 Prius Main Forum' started by james wang 20, Oct 26, 2024.

  1. james wang 20

    james wang 20 Junior Member

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    Maybe I'm too sensitive. I need to reflect on and apologize for my extreme remarks. I hope you can forgive me. Maybe you're right, I wasted a lot of time doing a job that was impossible to perfect. Sometimes people will complete an unimportant task with a gambling mentality, wanting to spend a small amount of money in exchange for greater benefits. The results are unknown or only 50% certain. Such people are very sad, and it's a pity that I am such a person. That's the kind of person I am, I'm working hard and expecting to succeed, I won't regret it if I fail, as long as I learn something, I hope so. I sincerely apologize to you.
     
  2. ASRDogman

    ASRDogman Senior Member

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    Stop.... don't waste your time on a pitty party.
    If you read the threads, everyone who only replaces bad block has the same issue.
    Green bean seems to be the worse. Even using the Prolong system is a not a permanant fix.
    Sometimes you have to do what you need to do with the finances you have.

    At best you are doing a temperary patch. If you enjoy doing it, keep doing it. If you are doing it
    to try to save money, you'll end up spending more that a new battery. But you are also using
    a lot of time and work each time. And you risk getting stranded at the worst time.
     
  3. rjparker

    rjparker Tu Humilde Sirviente

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    Don’t apologize for advocating good forum behavior. In the end you are just like a majority on this forum; diy to save money and gain a sense of satisfaction. Some need to do it but most simply want to save a new car payment so they can have a big house and more grown up toys.

    Many of us have wives or children who commute to work or school every day in all weather conditions. Reliability is important. We may live 45 miles out in the country or commute through an hour’s worth of traffic.

    So for that small group of active Prius owners, new hybrid cells provide peace of mind and the new cost is small relative to our resources. In fact, a new hybrid battery is often less than three new car payments and the insurance does not go up.

    In exchange for hours behind the wheel every week, we are often paid ten or twenty times the salary of someone in Fiji. We think we have escaped big city crime and we know the hybrid battery is the least of our problems for ten to fifteen years.

    Odds are few if any Fiji wives or children are commuting to work on 70 mph freeways like Americans routinely accept as part of their normal.
     
  4. james wang 20

    james wang 20 Junior Member

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    All work was completed yesterday. The cells in the middle of the battery are discharged to 6.4v, and the cells on both sides are discharged to 6.5v. The purpose is to make the cells in the middle generate less heat due to the low voltage. The temperature sensor was not modified, but the fan was cleaned. The heat dissipation duct was originally sealed with foam, and the missing foam areas were filled with mobile phone screen glue to prevent leakage of wind pressure. A little water entered the cells voltage detection port of the battery ECU box. I cleaned up the rust. The areas contaminated by water on the circuit board were cleaned and protected with green oil. I added a little grease to the socket to prevent moisture from entering again. During the test run, the pure EV time was extended, I hope the life will be longer. At about $400 USD and a week's worth of time, all outside of work, I think it was worth it.
     
  5. ASRDogman

    ASRDogman Senior Member

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    You do know ALL the blocks will (should) charge to the same voltage? They won't stay at 6.4v.
     
  6. james wang 20

    james wang 20 Junior Member

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    The voltage of NiMH battery cannot be used as a full-charge mark when it is fully charged. Its charger uses another method. It may be 8.6V or 8.7V when fully charged. I use 5A current when charging. I am worried that overcharging will damage the life, so the charging time is fixed. For voltage consistency, I like to choose the same when it is close to empty, because the capacity may be different when it is full, and the voltage is also different, so I want to balance it when the discharge is about to end to prevent over-discharge. The full detection is handed over to the ECU. The advantage is that the large capacity will not be full, which reduces its temperature.
     
  7. ASRDogman

    ASRDogman Senior Member

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    ???? That makes no sense. How are YOU charging the battery while you're driving?
     
  8. Kenny94945

    Kenny94945 Active Member

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    Interesting thread.
    Our OP, James, in post 23, indicates he found and repaired ducting issues.

    FWIW My initial thoughts to answer this question was to increase air flow in and out.
     
  9. vvillovv

    vvillovv Senior Member

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    I've read this thread and understand it well enough, I'm very familiar with Grid charging at the pack level. I'm not experienced with Grid Charging individual modules, but I've read a lot about how it's done. There are six individual cells in a single module. There are 28 modules in a Gen 2 or Gen 3 Prius pack.
    Many people that post to a thread about how to maintain a battery pack in haste or misunderstanding will call a module a cell. It's extremely confusing for everyone, and many of us make that mistake. No worries, as I leaned how to keep my NiMH packs working in my hybrid, I ran into many many misused terms in descriptions and have leaned to read between the lines of the actual words. But in the beginning of learning that is the most frustrating part. ;)

    I think what others posting above are trying to explain is, in my words - that modules in the middle of the pack are know to get warmer / hotter than the modules on the out side ends of the pack. One way of minimizing degradation of this issue is, After grid charging and balancing each module reassemble by moving the center modules to the outside ends of the pack while moving the modules on the outside of the pack to the center.

    There is a concept called "the memory effect" that is obvious with ( NiMH cells, modules, packs ) when cells or modules or packs get out of balance. The grid charge is used to reduce the difference in charge and discharge capacity.

    If we could grid charge one cell at a time, we would be able to see on out volt and amp meters which cells were out of balance and the capacity of each cell. And we would be able to, with a little luck, be able to balance the modules more closely.

    Most hobby chargers with charge one module at a time and do there best to give as much data as possible regarding how each cell in the module is performing. But that is not always as accurate as we'd like it to be.
    This quad port charger will charge 4 modules at the same time and there are a few Priuschat members that own this one.


    Same is true to an even greater degree when grid charging at the pack level, even with a very expensive and complex machine built for that task. https://99mpg.com/projectcars/gridcharger/

    available from Hybrid Revolt Hybrid ReVolt Smart Grid Charger [HR-GC1] - $799.99 : HybridReVolt: Hybrid Battery Repair

    The difference is the time spent on one cycle gets reduced at the pack level in much the same way as the time to cycle a module is greatly reduced than triing to cycle each of the 6 cells in a module.

    I hope my post is not to difficult to read for a non english reader. :unsure:
     
    #29 vvillovv, Nov 2, 2024
    Last edited: Nov 2, 2024
  10. vvillovv

    vvillovv Senior Member

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    When you charge at the settings you posted above, are you almost monitoring the modules temperatures as the modules are charging and discharging? Using a fan to help in keeping the modules from heating up is recommended.

    Also, Monitoring the battery pack behavior while being used in the car is just as important as monitoring the charge discharge cycling. In My Opinion DrPrius is by far the best app for real time data of the Gen2 and Gen3 Prius pack data.
     
    #30 vvillovv, Nov 2, 2024
    Last edited: Nov 2, 2024
  11. james wang 20

    james wang 20 Junior Member

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    Remove the battery and charge and discharge it so I know its capacity.

    Yes, I admit that I spent a lot of time charging and discharging the cells consisting of 6 batteries individually. I clamped the batteries and monitored the temperature. The temperature was not high when charging with 5a, but the temperature will increase when it is nearly full or already full. . Since old cells are used to form a new battery pack, their capacities will be different. I chose to balance them when the power is close to empty. I speculate that the ECU may refer to the voltage when detecting the battery power,Batteries with small capacity are easier to charge full. When it is detected that the battery is fully charged in advance and maintains a high voltage, and the large-capacity battery cells are not fully charged, the temperature should be lower. The purpose of this is to keep the temperature of the entire battery pack as low as possible. I gave up on changing the temperature sensor, but I can do it at any time without removing the entire battery pack, so maybe I'll implement this at some point in the future.
     
    #31 james wang 20, Nov 2, 2024
    Last edited: Nov 3, 2024
  12. james wang 20

    james wang 20 Junior Member

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    To add a detail, when sorting the battery cells, I chose to arrange the ones with large capacity in the middle to reduce the temperature there. I used a brush and white vinegar to clean the connecting copper pieces. I think if there is a contact resistance there, it will be high temperature. The high temperature will cause the plastic next to the pole to become soft. If there happens to be a high pressure inside the battery, the electrolyte will be lost.
     
  13. vvillovv

    vvillovv Senior Member

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    Balancing the pack at its low voltage sounds like an interesting process, especially while cycling older modules.
    Some others have gone as far and matching 2 modules with each other to form a block so there would be 14 blocks in the pack. Just another way of cycling and assembling a pack that some have found useful.

    Here is youtube about how one hybrid mechanic balances his modules after cycling to add a final test before reassembly. I'm sure he also monitors module surface charge and self discharge besides what he shows in this video.


    Yes, off-gassing, loss of electrolyte is never a good thing for any battery.
     
  14. james wang 20

    james wang 20 Junior Member

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    I have tried connecting the batteries in parallel to balance the batteries, and even tried charging them with high current from a welding machine after connecting them in parallel. However, for nickel-metal hydride batteries, different batches, different ages, different capacity states, and different internal materials may make it difficult to charge. The voltage signs when discharging are different, so the percentage of charge is most likely different when their voltage is the same, the balance I need is the percentage of charge remaining so that each cell in the series can use its full capacity, even if it is difficult to do , must be used as close to full capacity as possible, although Toyota's charging and discharging strategy is 20%-80%.
    upload_2024-11-3_21-33-38.png
     
  15. Brian1954

    Brian1954 Senior Member

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    Let me correct this for you. , although Toyota's charging and discharging strategy is 40%-80%

    The internal combustion engine turns on to charge the hybrid battery at 40%.
     
  16. james wang 20

    james wang 20 Junior Member

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    Thanks for the reminder, yes it will start the engine at 40% to charge. The picture will illustrate this.

    The first line of blue is the charging status
    The second line of orange is the minimum voltage of the battery block
    The third line of purple is the maximum voltage of the battery block
    The fourth row of yellow is the battery pack current

    The second picture is what it looked like when it failed, and you can see that its battery percentage fell off a cliff somewhere.
     

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  17. rjparker

    rjparker Tu Humilde Sirviente

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    Is that a misspelling in the graph text?





    yes it’s a joke
     
  18. james wang 20

    james wang 20 Junior Member

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    #38 james wang 20, Nov 3, 2024
    Last edited: Nov 3, 2024
  19. vvillovv

    vvillovv Senior Member

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    I see, yes it must be very difficult and frustrating when in the car and the pack voltage drops like in those screenshots.
    I also have 3 packs for a 06 civic. And they are all in a similar state as your prius pack appears to me from my observations and your descriptions. I also struggle with how much to spend on batteries for my gen 2 civic hybrid for several reasons, mostly due to the difference in the cars assist and regen after it's last service at 110K miles.. ;) The cars Honda Update, new programming is even worse in the winter when it's freezing cold, than when temps are milder in the summer and fall.

    The car assists at very low / freezing temps as soon as I touch the Go Pedal. It's extremely frustrating and I'm sure that assist during the cars warm-up cycle is not to friendly to my old battery packs.
     
    #39 vvillovv, Nov 4, 2024
    Last edited: Nov 4, 2024
  20. ASRDogman

    ASRDogman Senior Member

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