Estimated EV penalties for various heating cooling and lights

If you've seen the gauges for the heat pump you'll begin to understand more about how much energy it uses (real world calc) as opposed to a percentages conpared to spec. Like in the PIP the A/C reduces EV range considerably, especially when ambient temps are high. And it's even more noticeable when one is trying to cut EV range spec real close (wants to see how far it will go on available EV range) I'm running the heat pump in a warmup cycle and watching the EV range and timing the loss. ( That is my use case ) [ skylis ] , did a real good job of explaining his ( use case ) even tif I don't get all of it .....
My use case has a few more variables that I use as my { standardized use case ] for my own calculations. They are [ambient temp] and the dash gauge that shows Heat/AC efficiency when running either heat or A/C.

As for the pumps efficiency it's pretty good depending on how good you want it to be. The gauge will show you where it's max heat/AC efficiency is for heat/AC ( temp, fan speed. and driver or all passenger priority) settings.
For example yesterday I had 25.1 miles EV range after I had the heat pump running for 10 minutes or so while I shoveled the driveway.
I started my route on a slight uphill grade 40 mph a few miles to hwy 60 mph mostly with some 65 mph in heavy traffic. Snowing, 32 F, lights on, wipers on, heat on intermittently at max efficiency setting ( the same way as I run the heat pump warmup cycle ). I got off the hwy after driving 17 miles with 2.2 EV range left showing.

There other stuff going on besides. snow melt moisture inside fogging up windows, watery/salt slush killed front radar, etc.

 

Prime - One thing I'm still not positive about is if using cabin heat reduces EV miles generated by charge mode. And if yes than what is the efficiency curve for using Heat A/C while in charge mode.
My initial real world calc for the heat pump on, at what the computers say is the most efficient setting, I see ( 1/10th an EV mile loss per 1 minute 11 sec) give or take - during warmup mode with ICE off - ambient temps below freezing.

I wish I had premium or advanced so I could use the heat pump with plugged in - and another variable for the users standard calcs

 

Depends on the ICE temperature. If you drive with an App that lets you monitor ICE temperature you will know when there is waste heat available. Hint: when the ICE is warm.

 

Looks like I took my biggest hit on EV miles today. I have been avg around 35 EV. Today it got up to 97 degrees here in Salt Lake, so I ran the a/c quite a bit. My lowest EV miles today since I owned the car (6 mos) was 23 miles . Ouch

 

You mean, worse than the coldest winter day?

 

Yes

 

My best range so far has been 36.6 miles on EV but this was without any A/C or heat during nice weather last latte summer. I usually range around 32 miles EV without AC or heat when temp is above 40F, but during winter when the day high temperature stayed in teens, it dropped below 18 miles.

 

I have to admit, I drove most of the winter without heat but did use the steering and seat heaters. Didn’t get quite as cold this year as other years here in northern Utah.

 

Do the power windows draw from the EV battery or the 12V ? I like to lower the windows when on regular streets after getting off the highway but I'm wondering what draw that takes.

 

As long as the car is in READY mode the 12V battery isn't providing power to anything, the 12V accessories get their power from the main hybrid battery (stepped down, of course).

 

Thanks for the effort. I can use this as a guideline for my 2012 PiP

 

Let me try this again.
The Prime is in ready mode with the ICE off, Turn on the heat, fan, A/C, HVAC eco and set the temp so the MID shows 5 yellow squares (most efficient setting according to the computer). The GOM gets available miles reduced by a 1/10 of a mile per minute while the car is stationary and ambient temps are below 32 F.

 

So does that mean if my GOM reads 30 miles I can run the heat pump for 300 minutes?

 

Yes, if the heat pump is using 1.32 kW and the battery is fully charged at 6.6kWh. It might be using more or less (sometimes it's a lot more). It is more useful to use normal units (watts) instead of "miles of range" when the total miles of range can vary significantly.

 

Sort of. It won't help with the heating or air conditioning since the Prime is so much more efficient. Lights might be close if yours are also LED lights.

My PiP took a way bigger hit to the EV range running the air conditioner than my Prime does. I think it was about double the distance lost.

 

AC also depends on humidity and ambient temp, tints, cloudy or bright sunny day... so too much variables anyway.

 

With our Chevy Volt (should be same principal for Prime), our gas ceiling heater is set for 50 degrees (even if temps dip below Zero), then we preheat the car while plugged in. Of course the Volt is liquid cooled - so that means the fluid gets warmed up, which tends to last longer than air heat ... but again, it's a similar principal. Once the cab is nice & toasty, we can just run steering wheel & seat heaters for the lion's share of the journey. So if you have a garage - give it a try.

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That stuns me. Bigger penalty for warm air than air conditioning.
I must ask, what were the ambient temperatures when you did these tests?

If it’s 90 F outside I can’t see how it’s possible the heat would penalize the EV range more than air conditioning would. On the other hand, if it’s 20 F outside..

 

Extra hot days require EV's to cool themselves down as heat is the great enemy of batteries (charging & discharging), inverters, & electronics in general - as well as keeping cabin temperatures down.
On extra cold days - the EV will benefit from operational waste heat as inverters & batteries do their job. Extra cold days also drop tire pressures which creates greater resistance. In the end, cold operations require more energy - whether electric or fossil fuel.