Ran over a concrete lane divider (pics)

Depending upon the height of those, I might be a little worried about the front end alignment. However, you would notice any major issues with that and same with tire balance. Other than those two items, I'd agree that you look to be in the clear. Might not hurt to have the tires balance and an alignment check done just to be sure. Most places will do the alignment check free, and then charge whatever to correct it. Given it you hit around 6-10 MPH, it might not have done too much.

 

My Dad did that one time a long time ago, we had met for dinner at a restaurant and had parked right next to each other. I had a Ford Explorer at that time and he had a RWD Lexus LS400. For some reason there was no curb in front of my space...but there one one in front of his space. We walked out of the restaurant, said our goodbyes, he got in his car and I got in mine. He must have looked out in front of my car and saw there was no curb, well he put the car in drive and pulled out forward through the open space in front of him instead of backing out. Well, he ran the front wheels up and over the curb and the car slammed down on it with the actual weight of the car sitting on the curb. He put it in reverse and spun the tires until he was able to pop the front end off of the thing. In a very "my Dad" moment he got out of the car, walked around and looked at the curb and said "What a stupid place to put a curb, that should be illegal!". Never mind, you know...the fact that you're not supposed to pull through parking spaces in the first place LOL.

That car was perfectly fine, he had it for years after that and there was never any problem, so to the OP I'm sure your car is fine.

 

By then nothing unusual or bad will have happened and you'll have forgotten all about it. You'll be laughing at this thread and we'll all be a little wiser. Trust me.

 

Just peeking under a Prius from behind, it appears that the exhaust pipe
is the lowest hanging piece at the back, other than suspension bits. Also,
back around the rear "axle," the exhaust pipe has a short crosswise run.

I think there is reason to want to look at the pipe. At first blush, you'd
expect to hear an increased exhaust sound if the pipe is cracked. But then,
I don't know what if any sound reduction can be attributed to the catalytic
converter(s?).

 

Many of us have run over something. From your description and pics, you're fine. I agree with you that during your oil change, have dealer, or whoever, check it out. I'd say the safety plates provided good protection. As far as any damage, you would have realized it by now, especially any wheel alignment or tire balance issues. I'm assuming you don't have any steering wheel pull, vibration or engine noises. I assume you don't see fluids under your car.

However, with all that said, I'm reminded of the original StarTrek episode when Scotty (the ship's engineer) told Capt. Kirk, "She (ship) can't take much more of this, Cap'n!"