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Stealth at 45?

Discussion in 'Gen 2 Prius Technical Discussion' started by Celtic Blue, Sep 8, 2008.

  1. Celtic Blue

    Celtic Blue New Member

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    I noticed today that in a downhill glide the ICE never kicked in as the speed drifted up to 45 mph. This was not a rapid increase in speed so I expected any delay in MFD update to be accounted for. I never felt a transition, no arrows of any kind appeared, and there was no evidence of fuel consumption, increased drag/acceleration, or that the ICE was spinning. I had a turn ahead so I didn't have the opportunity to extend it higher and instead started a gentle regenerative braking. (Well, I guess I could have extended the run on the long flat straight, but my wife would not have been amused by the unexplained detour.)

    Interestingly/ironically the turn was for my normal 1.1 mile flat, all electric run, but the ICE kicked in and wouldn't stay off for about 1/2 mile following the turn even though the speed was much lower. The transition from glide to EV-only wasn't happening despite lifting out and easing back in a few times. I suppose this was a result of the coolant temperature dropping on the prior glide as the battery was in a good "high blue" SOC. (The driving characteristic was identical to its normal warm up mode.) The car was semi-cold at the start of the run having been parked for about an hour then run for about 1-2 minutes prior to the downhill glide.

    Is there some room to run above 42 in a downhill glide before the ICE is forced to spin up? If so, how high can one go? I don't know that there is any practical application of this other than staying in glide longer in a downhill, but it makes me less likely to allow regen to stay below 42 to keep the ICE from kicking in...if I can recreate it at will.

    I am aware at times that the ICE is running while the MFD fails to indicate it--I can feel it and the instantaneous mileage betrays it as well.
     
  2. 9G-man

    9G-man Senior Member

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    I believe your ICE did in fact begin to recipricate at 42 MPH, but because of the low demand situation, no actual combustion was taking place, so you didn't "feel" it transition.

    I can transition through 34 MPH EV/Stealth threshold, and the 42MPH Stealth/Warp(recip) threshold, without inducing running of the ICE, all the time.
    Just takes light footwork prior to the transition points.
    I'm most proud of the EV transition.

    I can travel over 3 miles from the interstate exit ramp to my house, never using gas. EV, glide, stealth, glide, warp stealth, glide-- all the way.
    And the interstate exit ramp to my job. And rush hour traffic in between. And anywhere it makes sense.
    Because I own a car that can run on no gas. I'm taking advantage of that.
     
  3. qbee42

    qbee42 My other car is a boat

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    Your ICE was spinning, but it was not providing power. The arrows on the MFD show power flow, not state, so there is no way to tell from the MFD if the ICE is spinning or running. The process of starting the ICE makes a noticeable vibration. Merely spinning it is undetectable.

    Tom
     
  4. David Beale

    David Beale Senior Member

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    Above 42 MPH or 66 kmPH it's "warp stealth", as the engine MUST spin.
    Get a Scangauge II, set one of the gauges to RPM, and you will be able to see when the engine does and does not spin. If you set another gauge to fuel use (GPH or lPH) you will be able to see when fuel is being injected as well, but ignore the 0.01 or 0.02 reading - it's a spurious readout of the Scangauge.
     
  5. PA Prius

    PA Prius Active Member

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    9G-man, I think I understand the 42 mph stealth transition of the ICE beginning to spin, but can you explain what the 34 mph transition is?

    PA P
     
  6. 9G-man

    9G-man Senior Member

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    Sure,
    I have the factory EV switch installed., When using EV mode, there is a 34MPH threshold where the ECU kicks you out of EVmode.
    That will usually induce the ICE to start running.
    BUT, if you are in EV mode, and at 33 MPH (or prior to the transition) , induce a glide and turn it off, or let it kick off by itself while you're in that glide, you can then reappy gas pedal pressure to continue in normal stealth mode.
    And the ICE never starts.
    DO the same thing at about 41 MPH and you can transition from stealth to warp stealth, without the ICE starting.
     
  7. PA Prius

    PA Prius Active Member

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    Got it, 9G-man. Thanks.

    PA P
     
  8. miscrms

    miscrms Plug Envious Member

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    Just keep in mind that anytime you are using battery you are using gas. 9G's case may be somewhat special, as he does this all right at the end of his commute. Given that the ICE will have to run through the warmup cycle in the morning which will put some charge back in the battery he may end up ahead of the game. In general any driving that takes power out of the battery or puts it back in will result in lost efficiency. There are exceptions and special circumstances where the ICE->electric->battery->electric->wheels inefficiency is overcome by improved efficiency in the ICE. Still most find it a good rule of thumb to use as little battery as possible when trying to maximize fuel economy.

    Rob
     
  9. 9G-man

    9G-man Senior Member

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    Rob is quite correct. Something else to consider is what I'm doing is just another form of pulse and glide. And as such, I put the vast emphasis on the "glide" part of what I described in my post. I have to remind myself that the N.(ish) Georgia topography affords me some uncanny opportunities to glide, because it's such an endless expanse of rolling or slightly inclined roadway.
     
  10. Celtic Blue

    Celtic Blue New Member

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    There are so many exceptions that this is very relative. The engine is running during warm up even when I would prefer it not do so, so I end up with more charge than the battery needs. (I would like to save warm up for when I'm getting into the hill climbs, acceleration, and faster legs.) When I get the opportunity to burn this off I take it else I'm going to end up wasting charge in required breaking going down hill. There are so many steep hills and stops locally that I can find myself running deep into the green bars. I especially don't want that when I'm returning home as the warm up cycle is even more wasteful. So I burn off what I can in the last mile just to keep it in the target SOC range.

    The second half of a return leg from a twice a week trip down the interstate gives me a mostly downhill run for 3.5 miles, folllowed by 0.6 miles through lights and gentle hills, then 1.1 miles of golf cart mode before a turn and hill climb then subdivision twists and turns to finish off--0.8 miles. I get some very nice numbers for that leg (75 mpg the last several times). That offsets the losses from climbing the same stretch of interstate in congestion followed by stop and go through lights.

    The problem I see is that although I minimize regen, there is still far too much of it because of steep hilly terrain and stops. I try not to let the engine lug in mild warm up or charging states as that is even less efficient from what the MFD, engine sound, and seat of the pants are telling me. I also find it hard to burn off charge on hill climbs because most are steep enough that the ICE is doing most of the work on one side...while regen overtakes it on the other (you can only glide so fast in traffic and without going 15 over.) So I run off battery where I can to keep from running the ICE for short distances or keep the battery out of the green.
     
  11. 9G-man

    9G-man Senior Member

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    I'm hearing what you're saying, Sounds like your topography is making it difficult to find an even balance betweem being forced to use the ICE and forced to accept regen. So you want to be in some form of "EV", stealth, warpstealth, to take advantage of whats in your battery. Emphasis on gliding is where the real gravy is, and it sounds like you know that, but can't take advantage. Sometimes the hills can be too steep.

    I see you're in the midwest. Is it that steep where you are.?
     
  12. Celtic Blue

    Celtic Blue New Member

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    They are moderately steep around here, but not overly long (except interstate) or high. It is surprising how quickly regen can build on a steep down hill when you must stop at the bottom...then climb the hill starting out again. It's the number in town that are the problem because of the stops, traffic, and speed limits.

    I'm doing okay for a novice I suppose, but I am still learning to work within the car's parameters.
     
  13. Rangerdavid

    Rangerdavid Senior Member

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    a scan gauge will certainly show that your ICE was indeed spinning as David Beale stated. Now, on the other hand, as you are coasting and your speed is increasing, as you approach 40 mph, shift into "N" and then when you go over 41 mph, the ICE will not come on. I do this all the time so I can go faster (usually when I'm in traffic) but I can still coast and the mpg read out is still 99.9 on the MFD and 9999.99 on the scan gauge, and the scan gauge shows NO rpm's at all.....
     
  14. Celtic Blue

    Celtic Blue New Member

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    The ICE may have been spinning, but it wasn't running at any point that I could tell and there was no detectable drag from it either. So whatever it was doing, it was like it wasn't there.
     
  15. SageBrush

    SageBrush Senior Member

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    Power for the ICE spin was from kinetic energy. Just another form of warp-stealth -- at least the way I use the term to mean ICE spinning but no fuel use.

    All of us will see this mode frequently when we have plug-ins and are travelling at low (55 - 60 mph) steady-state highway on the level.

    A question for people with gauges: above 42 mph, does the ICE spin jump up to a minimum, or is spin rate linear with supra-stealth speeds ?
     
  16. David Beale

    David Beale Senior Member

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    The ICE is spun at about 960 RPM if in stealth (the motor spins it). In warp stealth I saw about the same RPM at 90 km/hr (about 55 MPH). It is spun to reduce the RPM of MG1. While you can stop this it isn't good to fool the HSD (or mother nature). ;) It's possible to do damage if you spin MG1 too fast. From my brief visits to warp stealth, I don't see the rate change with speed. I suspect at some speed warp stealth wouldn't be possible, but I defer to the warp stealth experts on that. Getting into warp stealth is just too finicky for me.

    I let the HSD take care of itself.