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Hurricane Sandy - I love my Prius!

Discussion in 'Gen 2 Prius Main Forum' started by FirstFlight, Nov 2, 2012.

  1. FirstFlight

    FirstFlight Member

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    I'm in New Jersey. You guys have seen the damage. Power went out on Monday. I have two kids and live in an apartment. I had been preparing to modify my Prius as a generator but I was waiting for a good deal on one that can take a high voltage DC input. That didn't happen before Sandy hit us.

    I filled up my Prius before the storm and stopped at a truck stop to pick up a 1kW inverter for $95 on sale: RPPD1000

    I really wanted a pure sine wave inverter but with the storm looming I was a little desperate and just picked up "something" that I thought would work. I went home and installed it in my car. Critical needs were my refrigerator and space heater. We were able to have hot meals because I was able to run the microwave.

    It's not very efficient but will run a little more than 1kW. If I start up my refrigerator and then turn on my space heater (low), the display will read about 1.1 kW. This is the upper limit for the Prius as the voltage will start to sag from 13.7VDC nominal to about 12.2VDC.

    Long story short. We got power back today, which means we were without power for a little more than 4 days. We were able to stay (moderately) warm, keep the food chilled and run the Xbox, TV, computer and lights. I ended up today with about 5 gallons of gas. With the gas shortage, that will get me around for a few more days.

    That $95 inverter probably paid for itself by keeping the food from spoiling. I did have to go to home depot and make a 50-foot extension cord because no stores had any and that was another $40. Without this inverter, I would have had to rent a hotel room.

    I love my Prius......... View attachment 43510 Copy of IMG_3694.JPG Copy of IMG_3693.JPG
     
  2. zenMachine

    zenMachine Just another Onionhead

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    Most excellent! Toyota should collect more stories like this.
     
  3. vertex

    vertex Active Member

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    I did the same thing with a 1200 watt inverter. I actually back fed my panel, so I had 120Volts everywhere (Do not do this unless you know exactly what you are doing). We used the fridge, lights TV heat microwave, toaster. Could not use high inrush current things like the waste disposer, gas dryer. Of course careful load management is critical since there are only 1200 watts to go around. I am thinking of upgrading to RPPD2000 for $150 which should allow me to meet the inrush needs of the few things that did not work (of course, I can't use anything that needs 240 VAC, nor can I get power from my solar system). The inverter I have now is well matched to the average power the Prius can deliver on a continuous basis, but its peak power is only 2X the average, so many motors that will run with the inverter once started, will not start due to the 3X or 4X higher inrush current then running current. I think I can get away with this since I have a flooded 12 volt battery which can handle much higher peak currents then the AGM battery the car comes with. The car powered the house running continously for 3 days using about 7 gallons of gas. Beats any generator on gas consumption. Even my wife loves the Prius now.
     
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  4. wjtracy

    wjtracy Senior Member

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    ...Frankenstorm has certainly educated more of us on how easy it is to buy an inverter and hook it up.
    Prior to this it was clouded in mystery for me, now I "get it". Gotta get me one too.
     
  5. wjtracy

    wjtracy Senior Member

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    ...what's a flooded 12-v battery?
    I think that's the next question, the first simple step is just buy a 1000-1500 watt inverter, then where do you go next if you want to go to more power (beside buying a second Prius)
     
  6. Prius Cat

    Prius Cat Shhh... I'm stealthy

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    This is amazing!!!
     
  7. smokiejoe

    smokiejoe Member

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    Did you just connect the Inverter to the 12v Battery in the back? Maybe a photo of the hookup would be Great. Thanks FF
     
  8. AceDeuceCoupe

    AceDeuceCoupe Junior Member

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    Sorry maybe I'm slow.....does this mean you ran your car, outside, 24 hours a day for 3 days?
     
  9. zenMachine

    zenMachine Just another Onionhead

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    Looks like it. If you live in an unsafe neighborhood and don't have a garage this solution could be problematic. But life is full of trade-offs.
     
  10. uart

    uart Senior Member

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    Yes. What makes this such a nice solution, compared to a regular car, is that the Prius will simply turn the engine off and on as required to keep the battery charged.

    According to the OP's data it appears to have only used a little over 1 gallon per day to accomplish this. Very impressive. :)
     
  11. Patrick Wong

    Patrick Wong DIY Enthusiast

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    An excellent outcome.

    I would encourage other members who are considering AC inverter use to make sure that they do not overload the system by drawing too much power. The voltage drop on the 12V bus down to 12.2V shows the DC/DC converter is under duress - since normal voltage output is 13.8V.

    If the 100A DC/DC fusible link that protects the DC/DC converter blows, you will be without power and of course the Prius also will be disabled. That link is housed within the 5" long plastic box located within the main relay/fuse box and will not be easy to replace - typically dealer service will be required.
     
  12. edthefox5

    edthefox5 Senior Member

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    Excellent job Firstflt. I was thinking that it may be better to force charge the 12 volt intermittently or at least when using the heater so not to pull the 12 volt so low which stresses out the Inverter also.
    I would use Inspection mode when I was using the heater. It uses more gas (not much) but really helps.



    Also be aware you really gave that little agm a workout. I would suggest buying a reg car 2 amp mode battery charger and start doing weekly maintenance charges on the front jump points to track its health. On a healthy agm in 2 amp mode should charge to O draw in less than 10 minutes. Soon as you see that start taking much longer you will know its going south.
     
  13. FirstFlight

    FirstFlight Member

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    I'm surprised many people don't take advantage of all the things the Prius has to offer. I suppose many people don't need it but it seems lately here on the east coast that it's becoming more of a necessity than a luxury, which is why I will be wiring a pure sine wave UPS to the traction battery. *NOTE* - Do not open up the traction battery unless you know exactly what you are doing. Not only are the voltages lethal, you could easily damage the equipment in the Prius or your equipment. I won't go into detail with the high voltage hookup but I'll explain the 12V installation, which takes a matter of minutes.

    As Patrick noted, there is a limit on the DC/DC converter on the Prius. Overloading the 12V system can blow the fuse in the Prius, which is why I didn't go higher than a 1000W inverter. I didn't have time to find a nice fuse but this inverter has overcurrent/overtemp protection so it does the job for me. In addition, I'm cognizant of the loads attached to inverter so blowing the fuse wasn't really a concern.

    Below you will see the 750W model. You can see this model has clips and this is by far easiest installation. As long as you don't hook it up backwards, it will work like a champ. The only consideration are the loads and at 750W you are limited to stuff like a small TV, computer, lights, etc. The fan on this model failed and luckily I had another brushless motor to repair it. In any event, this model would not have been sufficient for the power outage. IMG_3710.JPG

    The 1000W model was the perfect size. More importantly, it comes with 2 gauge wire and ring terminals. Since this is a low voltage device (12V), the connections to the inverter are extremely important. While the installation is a little more "complex," by no means is it difficult. There's a nut underneath the red cover on your battery and that's where the positive wire goes. I attached the negative wire to the body of the car, which isn't the best place, but it did the job. IMG_3701.JPG

    Mounting the inverter is simple. I just ran 4 screws through the bottom of the cargo bay (be sure they aren't so long that they puncture the spare tire). I'll change this to nuts and bolts this week. I'll also add a rubber grommet and run the wires through the cargo bay when I get a chance.
    IMG_3700.JPG

    After that, you're done. This model has a remote control input but I can't find one anywhere so I'm making my own. You can use telephone wire (RJ11) to do that if you want. Below is the schematic: Power Drive remote schematic.JPG
    I designed my own CAN controller device, which I used to monitor temps, voltages and fuel level during the process. MG1 and MG2 did get to about 140 degrees while the car sat there. The engine temp did reach the upper 190's as well but the fans kept the temps at a manageable level. I opened the hood and temps were lowered to the point where the fans didn't need to come on anymore. My CAN device will also control the battery fan and I used that feature because there was an odor (I think it was a combination of the inverter and battery fumes) inside the car. I would cycle the fan every 5 minutes and I left the windows open a little. With the vent shades this wasn't a problem.

    I was going to make a thread on the CAN controller when it was done but it seems like something is added/changed frequently so it's an ongoing project. I made some modifications to the radio faceplate and painted it flat black. The three LED's are software LED's so they can be changed to monitor anything I want in a matter of seconds. Right now one LED is "engine on" and the other is "EV mode." The benefit to the LED's is that no matter what screen it is on, I know the status of both as I use that information the most. I can program it to do many other things as well. I also wired the CAN controller to the steering wheel so I can use the up and down arrows to move through the different pages on the screen.

    Here are some screen shots:
    IMG_3703.JPG
    IMG_3704.JPG
    IMG_3705.JPG
    IMG_3706.JPG
    IMG_3708.JPG

    Enjoy!
     

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  14. FirstFlight

    FirstFlight Member

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    To answer the question of how long I ran the car - I ran it for about 18 hours each day.
     
  15. GrumpyCabbie

    GrumpyCabbie Senior Member

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    I'm a bit of a cynic but this sounds too good to be true, and often if that's the case, it often is.

    So am I getting this right? You plug a suitable inverter into your cig lighter socket, connect an extension cord from the inverter to your house and then plug in items like your fridge and tv or a light? I guess you have to leave the car in Ready mode and you could manually lock the door with the metal key.

    So it's as simple as that? Just leave the car running and the inverter will change 12v to 230v? That's magic lol. How much do these inverters cost? I've seen some 150w and 300w versions but the 1500w's cost a packet. Is it harder to bump up the voltage to 230v instead of 110v?
     
  16. FirstFlight

    FirstFlight Member

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    You got me. My name is really David Copperfield.

    No! That would not be a good connection unless you're just charging a laptop.

    You must have good connections with suitably sized cables to handle the heavy loads. You can go from 12V to 120VAC or 12V to 230VAC. The cost of the inverter will depend on how many watts you want to provide and if you want a modified or pure sine wave model.

    I just left my car in ready mode. It started about every 13 minutes and ran for about 80 seconds. And yes, if you live in a highrise or bad neighborhood, this may not work for you.
     
  17. Corwyn

    Corwyn Energy Curmudgeon

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    The car is locked. The engine is very quiet and only running intermittently, probably not even noticeable in a neighborhood with other noisy generators. If someone wants to steal the car, they need to disconnect the cable first, which turns out your lights, like a perfect car alarm. With the cable coming out the back they need to break into that as well as a door. Once they get the car it can't be restarted once it shuts down.

    I live in a safe neighborhood, so I am not paranoid about these things, but it doesn't sound like too big a risk to me. No worse than someone stealing your (noisy) generator while it is running.
     
  18. uart

    uart Senior Member

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    Hi Grumpy. To some extent yes it is that simple (though no you can't use the cigarette lighter socket - you need a connection well clamped to the battery terminals for a 500+ Watt inverter).

    There are some important considerations to watch out for however. You need to have some idea of how much power each appliance takes. Many things like computer TV and lights *can* be very low power consumption these days and can easily run from even a 300W inverter (Not all do, but you can get modern TV's and computers that run at under 100 Watts - some even well under 100W. With rising energy costs these days, it really pays to check into the power requirements of your appliances when you're looking to purchase.)

    Also, you can now get LED replacement globes that run from 3 to 10 Watts per globe. They're still an emerging technology and performance/price is still rapidly improving, so keep an eye out for these.

    The fridge is a potential problem for an inverter however. A typical household fridge may only take 100 to 200 Watts to run the compressor (and far less averaged over 24 hours due to thermostatic cycling), however it may take more than 10 times this power for a duration of approximately 1/4 of a second each time the compressor starts. So even a 1kW inverter may trip when the fridge cycles the compressor to start. Some inverters will have a 2 second (or something like that) peak rating of approx twice their continuous rating, so perhaps the OP's inverter was good for 2kW for a few seconds and therefore could handle his fridge ok. Many inverter users however have come unstuck when trying to start up their fridge.
     
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  19. Wimble

    Wimble Junior Member

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    This just goes to show you how flexible the technology is.

    Also, the car's efficiency is demonstrated beyond the usual realms of MPG - a standard "running" engine would not have been to maintain this set up with any measure of efficiency. The notion of you running an Xbox is a little blasé, but I suppose you earned the right.

    Bravo.
     
  20. Fore

    Fore Don't look back!

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    Well, this sounds pretty good on the surface in case of an emergency. So are you guys up in the air about keeping a large home refrigerator going? It appears that there is a high risk of damaging your car or starting a fire if the convertor fan stops! Isn't there a 2000w convertor that would hold or maintain the load better?